One-page reference with the per-codec audio frame math (AAC-LC 1024 samples / 21.33 ms, Opus 20 ms), the integer-segment alignment hint (8 s = 375 AAC frames at 48 kHz), the irreducible audio latency floor (priming + frame rounding + buffer), and the LL-HLS / LL-DASH authoring checklist.
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The book · Volume 4 of 7
Audio for Video: A Complete Guide to Sound in Video Products: From PCM and Codecs to Loudness, Accessibility, and Real-Time Voice Processing
This low-latency audio cheat sheet gives AAC and Opus frame math, segment alignment hints and the irreducible audio latency floor for LL-HLS and LL-DASH. Volume 4 covers this in detail: sampling, AAC and Opus frame structure, codec priming and how audio choices shape live latency. Written by Nikolay Sapunov, CEO at Fora Soft.
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